1762 Catherine II becomes Czarina/Russia 1770 Cook discovers New South Wales 1776 America declares independence 1789 Geo. Washington 1st USA president 1789 French Revolution begins

1696 Peter the Great becomes Czar 1700 Britain's american colonies prosper 1707 Union Act unites England/Scotland 1712 Religious warfare in Switzerland 1740 War of Austrian Succession begins

1640 Portugal gains independence/Spain 1642 Civil war England/Scotland/Ireland 1660 Restoration of monarchy, Britain 1665 Great plague of London 1666 Great Fire of London

			Cornelis Mangelaers  b.           d.1677
				Philippus Janssen Helmonts  b.           d.
			Joanna Philippus Helmonts  c.1649 Roosendaal, Netherlands  d.
				Jenneke Willemsen  b.           d.

---