1613 Romanov dynasty begins in Russia 1618 Beginning of 30 Years War 1628 English curtail King's powers 1640 Portugal gains independence/Spain 1642 Civil war England/Scotland/Ireland

1558 Elizabeth I is England's queen 1580 Drake completes voyage around world 1582 New Gregorian calendar introduced 1588 English defeat the Spanish Armada 1611 Authorized English Bible published

1503 Leonard da Vinci paints Mona Lisa 1512 Michelangelo paints Sistine Chapel 1534 Henry VIII controls English church 1538 Cortes conquers Mexico 1547 Ivan the Terrible rules Russia

							Peter Hillebrants de Gier  b.1502  d.1536 Zaltbommel, Netherlands
				Peter Peters de Gier  b.           d.1564			Gertrud van Segen  b.           d.
			Johan Peters de Gier  b.           d.1608
	N.N. Jans de Gier  b.           d.			Jenneke N.N.  b.           d.
	Peter Jans de Gier  b.           d.
			Adriaentje Gijsbert Hacke  b.           d.

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